The content of this document is divided into two parts.

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This document analyses the overall configuration of an industrial digital twin system, and proposes a three-elements architecture, focusing on the twinning interface between the physical twin (PTw) and industrial digital twin (iDTw).

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The characteristics, and the visualization elements and visualization fidelity of iDTw are analysed.

This document:

a)      

analyses the twinning interface between the PTw and iDTw;

b)      

proposes a three-elements architecture;

c)       

analyses the visualization element and its fidelity, which is a key component of the interface among the three-elements architecture;

d)      

analyses the elements that constitute an iDTw system to understand the unique properties of iDTw;

e)      

explores the differentiation from cyber physical systems (CPS) or augmented reality (AR), which are similar to existing concepts of iDTw.

This document excludes:

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applications of iDTw;

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implementation of iDTw.